Improvement in mortising-machines



E. H.v N. CLARKSON. Mortsng-Maohine.

No. 216,722. Patented 1une`24,1879.

Ik l" llll NITED STATES .PATENT EDWARD H. N. CLARKSON,

or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. y,

IMPROVEMENT IN MRTISING-MACHINES.`

Specification forming` part of lLetters Patent No. 216,722, dated J une '24, 1879; application filed April 29, 1879.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that l, EDWARD H. N. CLARKJ SON, of Baltimore city, State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mortising-Machin es and Ihere-4 by declare the same to be fully, clearly, and exactly described as follows, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of the machine; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a side elevation, showing a part of the device; Fig. 4, a` side elevation of a sash-cord guide, hereinafter referred to; and Figs. 5, 6, and 7, respectively, perspective side elevation and end elevation of the bit; Fig. 8, a section on line :o w, Fig. l. 4

While my present invention relates to mortising-machines, broadly, it is especially designed tofurnish a device for cutting a mor-pV tise of peculiar shape for the reception of a correspondingly formed sash-cord guide invented by Wm. H. H. Kesler and me, and forming the subject of Reissued Letters Patent No. 8,586, ldated February 18, 1879.

As' conducive to a clear understanding of` the function of the machine about to be described, a brief description of the sash-cord guide may here be given. Devices of this kind have heretofore consisted generally of a metallic casing having parallel ends, end flanges perforated for the securing-screws, and containing a sheave for the sash-cord. The windowframes were generally mortised by hand, involving a considerable expenditure of ,time and resulting in a lcomparatively inferior fit.

`The sash-cord guide above referred to is designed to fit in a machine made mortise of peculiar shape and incidentally obviate `the necessity for but a single securing tack or screw. It is illustrated in Fig. 4 ofthe accompanying drawings and consists of a casing, R, having rounded beveled ends r r' (the former being perforated) and a sheave, S. y The device dovetails, as it were, into the windowframe, and is iirmly secured by a single screw inserted through the perforation in the end r.

The essential features in a machine for cutting a mortise, or rather the mortises, for this sashcord guide are, first, that it shall provide for the presentation of the window-frame to the bit (or vice versa) at a predetermined angle-namely, that of the end bevels `of the sash-cord guide; second, that it shall eifect a motion of the frame or bigweitliwer, asregards the other, to a distancev measured by the length of the casing It third, that these two motions shall alternate in such manner as to make. a mortise having rests for the base and end flange of the casing lt; and, linally, that it shall provide for cutting the two mortises in each side of the frame.

My present invention consists in a device designed to accomplish these ends, possessing points of novelty that are made the subject of theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, A is the bed of the machine, having asuitable base, a. At the front of the frame is secured a piece, b, having dovetail guides bf, as shown, (seeJ Figs. land 2,) and arranged at an angle with the axis of the machine equal to that of the ends r r with the face of the casing R of the sashcord guide. Upon the guides b" is mounted the front plate, B, through which passes a shaft, o, carrying a lever, C,at the end of .the device. The lower end of this shaft is rigidly ,attached to a slotted arm, Q', and through the slot passes a pin, o, depending froma lug on the piece b. As tlielever Gis moved the plate B is made to slide longitudinally on the guides b'". A brace, Ig', through which passes a thumb-screw, bf', is secured to the face of the plate B, and isdesigned to hold the window frame'to be mortised.A D is a slot of sufficient length to admit o'f the proper longitudinal movement of the plate B, through which slot passes the bit l.

Near either end of the plate is formed a vertical slot, in which slide blocks E E, carrying the rests d and o for the frame., `Upon these blocks are lugs "e, projecting beyond the face of the plate B,`a`nd in them are mounted rests o,consisting preferably of milled-head screws, the design being to admit of their ready vertical adjustment. F F are set-screws passing through the piece at the bottom of the slots, and serving to raise and lower the blocks E. A stop, f, at right angles to the slots serves to adjust the Window-frame longitudinally,

and is mounted in a recess in the face of the plate B, as shown, being made adjustable by means of the screw f and slot f.`

L isa frame carrying in suitable boxes ZZ the shaft i', upon which is mounted a drivingpulley, K. 'Ihe frame L is provided with slides having beveled faces m m, Fig. 3, that reciprocate in correspondingly-formed bearings in the top of the frame A, so that the entire frame L may be moved back and forth in a right line. In the end of the `shaft t" is secured, by means of a set-screw, t', the bit I, which is arranged to be projected through the slot I).

The end piece k of the frame L is attached to one end-of a bell-crank lever, K', pivoted to the main frame at M, the other end of thelever being attached toa rod, u, that, in turn, is secured to a lever, G, projecting through a slot in the front of the main frame, where it is provided with a treadle-face, g. A spring, N, enveloping the rod a, serves to retain the frame L normallyvin its retracted position.

The mechanism already described is designed to effect the longitudinal' and transverse motions of work and bit. That for determining the extent of these motions relatively as regards each other consists of the following elements: A form-plate, H, having a contour conforming to that ofthe proposed mortise, is secured on the rear sideof the plate B, and a plate, 71 adjustably secured by a set-screw, h, and adapted to engage with the form-plate H, is mounted 011 the frame or carriage L in proper positionsto engage with the outlines of the former.

It is clear that while the bit I may be made nto describe every possible curve within the figure formed by the outline ofthe form-plate,

Voutside of it it cannot go.

The bit I is of the construction shown in Figs. 5, 6, 7, being formed, by cutting away from either side of a cylinder, forming faces ol o, which do not extend clear across the cylinder, but turn at a little more than a right angle, and form keen longitudinal cutting-edges q where they meet the walls of the cylinder. From the faces 0 o facets p s incline respectively to the walls of the cylinder opposite the cutting-edges q and to the apex t', lateral, facets s completing the central point, which is somewhat pyramidal in shape, but having entering-edges where the opposite facets s s' meet at either side. rIlhe object of this construction is to provide a bit'that will enter itblocks E by screws d', are simply pressed back, and subserve at this time no function. The shaft i being then set in mot-ion, the operator presses on the treadle g, and projects the bit forward to an extentplimited by the first step in the form-plate. When the plate It brings up against the form-plate the operator moves the plate B laterally by means of the lever C until the plate h passes the next step on the form-plate H, when, the treadle being pressed, the bit enters farther, and so on throughout the contour of the form-plate. When one mortise is cut, a turn or two of the Set-screw b releases the work, which is lthen raised until it passes the rests d, when the latter spring forward and project from the face of the plate B, when the work islaid upon them, again secured, and the second slot is cut as just described.

The relative adjustment of the stops or rests c d is, of course, so arranged that the slots occupyv the proper position in the windowframe, being separated by a distance equal to one thickness of sash plus the thickness of the center bead.

Such is, in general terms, a description of the construction and operation of the device.

It is obvious that the machine may be made to cut a mortise of any desired outline, always excepting', of course, any under-cutting beyond that provided for by the particular angle of the plate B as regards theaxis of the bit.

Revolution of the plate B about a vertical axis might readily be provided for; but as the machine described is designed with a view to performing a single specific kind of work, I

have not considered it necessary to indicate lievedrto be desirable. The machine as de- Y scribed is found to answer every requisite, performing its work accurately and quickly.

What I claim is- 1. In a mortising-machine, a revolving and reciprocating bit and a bed-plate movable transversely in relation thereto, in combination witha form carried by either, and serving to limit the extent of motion of both,.sub stantially as described.

2. In a inortising-machine, a revolving and reciprocating bit and a bed-plate movable in an inclined direction to the axis of the bit, and carrying aform, which en gages with a iinger upon the bit-frame and limits the mot-ion of bit and bed-plate, as set forth.

' 3. In a mortising-machine for the purpose hereinbefore set forth, the combination, with the bit and bed-plate having a transverse relative motion, of two sets of rests', arranged to support the Work in proper position for forming the slots itt the desired distance from each other and from the sides of the freine, substantially as described. I

4. In combination with the bit and bedplate, the stops e and spring-stops d, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination with the frame A, the

sliding frame L, having treadle g l.md suit able intermediate connections, and the bit. l, the bed-plete B, lever C, arm e', and pin c, attached to the iiXed plate b, substantially as set forth.

A EDWARD 11N. oLnImsoN'.Y Witnesses:

R. D. WILLIAMS,

FRANK S. GLARKSON. 

